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She devoted the rest of her life to her family until she died on August 22, 1904. Chopin, though she never regretted having written The Awakening, felt that her career as a writer had no further future, and she had only two more stories published afterwards. It was a satiric and mocking apology, which did not express Chopin's true disappointment over the negative reactions, and the attacks from reviewers towards her and the novel did not come to an end. As an answer to the scathing criticism and the banning of The Awakeningfrom libraries, Kate Chopin even wrote a note of apology in a local paper. After the publication of The Awakening, which was considered a scandalous book as it dealt with adultery and sexual desires of married women, there was an outcry of contemporary critics and the novel was widely condemned.Ĭonsequently, Chopin's third volume of short stories, A Vocation and a Voice, was refused to be published. Kate Chopin was highly acclaimed for her volumes of short stories, Bayou Folk(1894) and A Night in Acadie(1897). She wrote two novels - At Faultin 1890 and The Awakeningin 1899 - and almost a hundred short stories, poems, essays, plays and reviews. The primary concern of her fiction was 'the celebration of female sexuality, and the tension between erotic desire and the demands of marriage, the family, and a traditional society' (Martin, 1). In the secure space of social acceptance as a mother and widow, Kate Chopin had the opportunity to express her views of life, especially as a woman, in her writings. When Oscar died in 1882, Chopin ran their plantations. Only after her death, her novels and stories were discovered as important works of feminist literature.īy the age of thirty, Kate Chopin was the mother of six children. This reputation is partly responsible for her 'being ignored as one of America's finest fictional writers' (Carey,7). As her stories are mainly set in the Louisiana of Creole culture, she was considered a local color or regional writer for a long time. Through her life in Louisiana Chopin was introduced to Creole and Cajun culture and society, which had a great impact on her writing. Oscar and Kate Chopin spent the first nine years of their marriage in New Orleans, and after Oscar's business in the cotton industry failed miserably they had to move to Cloutierville, a small village in the Cajun area of Louisiana. In their marriage she was given an immense amount of personal freedom, which was rather unusual for wives at that time. Soon after her graduation she met Oscar Chopin, a man who was especially fascinated by her individualism. Louis Academy of the Sacred Heart in 1868. Kate Chopin had the opportunity to indulge in an extraordinary education for a woman of her time, and she finally graduated from the St. Their strength and independence as well as their ways of entertaining Chopin by telling tales about people and adventures strongly influenced Kate Chopin in her career as a unique woman and writer. She then grew up in the company of her mother, grandmother and her great-grandmother. Kate Chopin was only four years old when her father died. The combination of two heritages, Irish on her father's side and French on her mother's, molded and fashioned her unique character. Kate Chopin, née O'Flaherty, was born in St. This biographical information will consequently lead to a better understanding of the novel and the conflict in which the protagonist is trapped, as it gives a first insight into the cultural and social setting of the novel. Kate Chopin's biography should, first of all, give an overview of the author's life. Furthermore, I will discuss the various symbols and characters that represent each of these stages. This paper will take a close look at Edna's development, respectively a development in three stages - the phase of sleeping, the phase of dreaming, and consequently the Awakening. But she is still courageous enough to continue her personal liberation and emancipation, and finally, for individuality and independence, she is even willing to pay with her life. In the society of late nineteenth-century Louisiana, Edna has to fight stereotypes and finds herself in a struggle between self-realization and self-damnation. This may seem like a ponderous weight of wisdom to descend upon the soul of a young woman of twenty-eight - perhaps more wisdom than the Holy Ghost is usually pleased to vouchsafe to any woman( Awakening, 57) This paper is intended to show the development of a woman who realizes her subordinate role in society, and furthermore questions it. Pontellier was beginning to realize her position in the universe as a human being, and to recognize her relations as an individual to the world within and about her.
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Kate Chopin's "The Awakening" - Edna's Life as a Development in Three Stage Introduction